Hidden Treasure in the Ozarks: Oaks Cemetery

Several weeks ago, President Obama attempted to right a wrong against veterans who were denied the Congressional Medal of Honor because they were black or hispanic.

The story reminded me of the angst and disquiet Lynn and I felt when we set out to locate a  treasure that is not only hidden in the Ozarks, but largely forgotten: the Oaks Cemetery in Fayetteville, Arkansas.

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Cemetery History

The cemetery was established after the Civil War, and for many years was the only place African Americans in Washington County were allowed to be buried. With only one exception (more on this fascinating story in our next post), it is the only cemetery where former slaves are interred.

A good many of the graves are merely marked with a stone — others aren’t marked at all.

This grave is likely that of a former slave. Although the name of the person buried here is largely obscured, the birthdate is listed as 1801.

This grave is likely that of a former slave. Although the name of the person buried here is largely obscured, the birthdate is listed as 1801.

Grave of a Jeffie Dowell, a child of former slaves

Grave of a Jeffie Dowell, a child of former slaves

 

Murder in Tin Cup

One resident interred in an unmarked grave was Patrolman Lem McPherson, Fayetteville’s first African American police officer. McPherson’s beat was in Tin Cup, the black section of town. In late April  1928 as prohibition was drawing to a close, local bootlegger EB Williams was released from jail after a 9 month stint for his crimes of intemperance.

26 year old Williams had become paranoid, and once released from jail he plied his festering paranoia with more alcohol. Convinced that his wife had been having an affair with 48 year old McPherson, he set out to hunt him down.

After roaming the streets looking for the object of his hatred, Williams finally found and confronted  McPherson; he shot him twice before stealing the victim’s service revolver — Williams eluded police for nearly a week before he was finally captured. He was ultimately tried and convicted of second degree murder and was sentenced to 21 years in prison.

Forgotten Soldiers

The Oaks Center is directly adjacent to the the south side of the Fayetteville National Cemetery, where local veterans and their wives are laid to rest.  However, there are a number of black veterans who were not allowed the honor of being buried with their fellow veterans, even though their graves are located mere feet away. Not long after our trek to the cemetery, Obama honored vets who’d been overlooked because of race — in my own mind I was  comforted by this and hoped that in some cosmic fashion the “less than” way black veterans and Officer McPherson  were treated in the past was somehow atoned for; that maybe they know we are now aware of the injustice.

World War I veteran Frank Smith was buried in Oaks Cemetery rather than the Fayetteville National Cemetery

World War I veteran Frank Smith was buried in Oaks Cemetery rather than the Fayetteville National Cemetery

A Different Kind of Historic Blog

When we first decided to maintain a blog on all things wondrous in the Ozarks, we had a vague sense of what we wanted to convey. But over the course of the last two months, our goal has come into sharper focus.

Do you Imagine in Color, Do you See the Whole Picture?

When you think of the early settlers and pioneers in the United States, how do you visualize the people, places and events?

Schoolhouse in Benton County, Arkansas, established "in 1868 or before" - just a few years after Benton County resident Lt. James Harrison Kay's Mississippi regiment fought the bloody Battle of Chickamauga -- a desperate struggle for control of the Chattanooga.

Schoolhouse in Benton County, Arkansas, established “in 1868 or before” – just a few years after Benton County resident Lt. James Harrison Kay’s Mississippi regiment fought the bloody Battle of Chickamauga — a desperate struggle for control of the Chattanooga.

This may sound like a strange question, but a few years ago I realized that when I thought about the early days of our country’s existence, I imagined events and places in black and white, totally devoid of color. I also viewed people of that era as severe, harsh, hardened, and not much like me at all.

It dawned on me that I likely did this because early photographs were in black and white — also, photographers back in the day discouraged their subjects from smiling, as the picture would likely be more blurry and distorted — they had to be absolutely still in order for a photograph to “turn out.” The point? Those early settlers laughed and smiled as much as we did; they also saw the same vibrant colors of redbuds across the landscape in early spring and the fiery flourescence of maple, oak and Bradford pear leaves ushering in the fall.

Lynn mentioned that when she thought about the past, she saw it in fits and starts, not as a cohesive whole — at best, the whole was not only a mere sum of its parts, the whole wasn’t even considered.

I think most people are like Lynn and I; when we began discussing this, the proverbial dawn came. What if we gave, not just a rendition of this or that person’s life, or this or that particular event, but a sketch of what was happening over the course of a few years in various parts of the Ozarks among contemporaries who may or may not have been aware of each other’s existences?

Embracing the Whole

For example, while Anthony Houston, who was born in 1792 was making a life for himself in Benton County Arkansas, what was fellow resident James Harrison Kay, a veteran of both the Mexican War and the Civil War, experiencing? How about Archibald Yell, the second governor of Arkansas who was felled by the Mexican War?

James Harrison Kay Burial Site

James Harrison Kay Burial Site

We were concerned by the fact that some pictures we will show are of gravestones — but realized that those stones gave us a starting point for where to look to uncover the greatest hidden treasures in the Ozarks — we will focus not on the dates of someone’s birth and death, but on the dash between those years — the stuff that made up their lives and contribute to our own lives decades and centuries later — even if we have been largely unaware of it. From there, we have discovered little known historic sites that bring have helped us piece together the everyday lives of extraordinary, early Arkansans.

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We hope you enjoy reading what we’ve put together as much as we’ve enjoyed our journey of discovery.